犬尿结石的化学成分分析研究

应用物理学特征观察、化学定性分析、X射线衍射分析等方法,分析了临床收集的1份犬肾结石样品、2份犬膀胱结石样品的化学成分,并根据结石的形成原因、机理探讨其防治方法。结果表明:肾结石样品为混合型结石,主要成分为水合磷酸氢镁、水合磷酸铁及水合磷酸钙,另外还可能含有少量水合硫酸钙;2份膀胱结石样品主要成分均为六水磷酸铵镁。对尿结石的成分分析,有助于了解结石形成机制,为尿结石的防治奠定一定基础。     

基于灰色理论的畜禽粪便环境污染风险预测分析

本文运用灰色建模理论中的灰色数列预测方法,利用北京密云县10个乡镇的畜禽粪便实际负荷量和最大负荷量的确定,对未来年份的畜禽粪便负荷预警值进行预测。结果表明:该流域各乡镇未来十年所受畜禽粪便的污染威胁均呈现逐年加剧趋势,其中石城和番字牌预警值上升最快;冯家峪、大城子和新城子次之,高岭、太师屯和不老屯呈现缓慢上升态势。     

Estimation of the carcass composition from a cross-section of the rib-loin from crossbred Japanese Black × Limousin F2 cattle by computer image analysis

The carcass composition of crossbred Japanese Black × Limousin F2 cattle was examined in order to find an accurate carcass composition equation. The test animals included 17 steers and 17 heifers. The 28 image measurements from the area encircling the vertical line to the thoracic vertebra and the line from the thoracic vertebra between the sixth and seventh rib‐bones were measured by computer image analysis. The relationships between the 29 parameters that added the carcass left side weight of the animal and the carcass composition were suggested. The carcass composition included muscle weight, muscle ratio, fat weight and fat ratio. The carcass composition from steers was estimated by an equation composed of these three or four parameters (R² = 90.80%, 79.30%, 90.75% and 73.70%, respectively). The selected parameters were measured without cutting the thoracic vertebra. The carcass composition from heifers was estimated by an equation composed of two to four parameters (R² = 96.15%, 90.98%, 93.60% and 88.22%, respectively). The parameters for the estimation of the muscle and fat weight, and muscle and fat ratio are very similar. Furthermore, the equations using the parameters could estimate the carcass composition from the Japanese Black × Limousin cattle resource population.     

Voluntary intake of silages in dairy cows depending on chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics

A study was conducted to investigate the possibilities to develop models for predicting the relative silage dry matter intake (SDMI) in dairy cows utilising information on chemical composition and in vitro gas production (GP) kinetics of silages. In five experiments, each with an average of 38 lactating dairy cows, SDMI was recorded for 15 grass silages made from primary growth and regrowth swards of timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The silages were characterised by chemical analysis and by utilising an automated in vitro GP recording technique with end point measurements of substrate residues. The silage samples were analysed both as dried and wet samples to evaluate the effects of sample preparation techniques on GP kinetics and their relations to SDMI. Relationships between feed variables and SDMI were investigated utilising simple linear and multiple regression. The wet silage samples had higher cumulative GP and different GP curves compared to the dried samples. The linear relationships between, GP variables, harvest number (first or second cut) of the grass, chemical characteristics of the silages and the relative SDMI show that the GP technique is a powerful tool to detect silage quality. By using the parameters from the dried samples the multiple regression analysis resulted in a relationship, relative SDMI (kg per 100 kg live weight (LW)) per day = 0.071 + 0.0029 × NDFD − 0.266 × C (R² = 0.82, S.D. = 0.06). NDFD is the degradability of the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (g/kg NDF) and C is the variable that regulates the switching characteristics of the GP profiles. By using the wet silage samples the multiple relationship did not include any GP variable; relative SDMI (kg per 100 kg LW per day) = 1.86 − 0.008 × acetic acid (g/kg DM) + 0.024 × ethanol (g/kg DM) (R² = 0.62, S.D. = 0.08). The results from the regression analysis and the experience of the laborious sample preparation technique for wet samples, give the conclusion that dried silage samples are recommended for determining feed characteristics using the GP technique in intake studies.     

《畜牧兽医杂志》创刊24年来载文、作者和引文计量研究

应用文献计量学的方法,对1982年创刊以来106期进行定量分析,结果该刊共载文2 987篇,篇均页码为1.93,作者总人次6396,作者合作度2.20,单位代替个人署名论文9篇,2单位以上合著论文169篇,占17.4%,跨省单位合著论文17篇,占1.75%,作者分布在全国28个省339个单位,第一作者中级职称占33.13%,年龄在31~40岁之间的占25.49%,基金论文占试验研究栏目的31.37%,篇均引文1.35,引文类型多样,数量适中,质量高,结论,从上述3方面看该刊具有较高的学术水平和优秀的编辑质量。     

恒河猴血液细胞、生化和凝血功能正常参考指标的测定

测定分析人工饲养及在非麻醉(清醒)状态下108只健康成年恒河猴的血常规、血液生化及血小板和凝血功能正常值,并分析各项检测数据的性别差异。血常规测定值17项,其中,雌猴较雄猴极显著高(P<0·01)的项目为红细胞分布宽度(RDW)。血液生化测定值17项,其中,雌猴比雄猴显著低(P<0·05)的项目有丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT),显著高(P<0·05)的项目有碱性磷酸酶(ALP)。血小板和凝血功能测定值9项,其中,雌猴比雄猴明显高(P<0·05)的项目为活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT),极显著高(P<0.01)的项目为凝血酶时间(TT)。建立了人工饲养条件下健康成年恒河猴的血常规、血液生化、血小板和凝血功能正常参考值指标,丰富和完善了恒河猴动物实验和疾病诊断中血液分析的基础知识。     

灰色关联度分析法对不同处理下草坪质量的综合评判

应用灰色系统理论对不同施氮量和施肥次数处理下的草坪质量进行了分析与评判.结果表明:施用氮肥是提高草坪质量的重要措施,在35 g/m2施量水平下,草坪质量与施肥量呈正相关(R2＞0.9100);施肥次数对其影响不显著.建议在实践中施肥量以25 g/m2为宜.     

半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶(CSD)基因在大鼠睾丸组织中的表达及其序列分析

试验根据大鼠肝脏牛磺酸生物合成关键酶——半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶(CSD)基因已知核苷酸序列,设计了1对特异的寡核苷酸引物,对提取的睾丸组织总RNA进行RT-PCR扩增,扩增出468 bp的DNA片段,在国际上首次证明CSD基因在大鼠睾丸组织中存在表达,即牛磺酸可在大鼠睾丸组织中生物合成。测定了扩增的睾丸组织CSD基因核苷酸序列,并与已知肝脏CSD基因核苷酸序列及其对应的氨基酸序列作了同源性分析。结果表明:睾丸组织CSD基因核苷酸序列同已知肝脏CSD基因核苷酸序列的同源性为99.8%,其对应氨基酸序列的同源性为100%。     

鹅细小病毒河北流行株HBZF07 NS1基因的克隆与序列分析

鹅细小病毒HBZF07株经13日龄鹅胚增殖后收集尿囊液,提取病毒基因组总DNA,采用PCR方法,一次性扩增出与预期大小相符的特异性条带.将扩增产物提纯回收后克隆入pMD18-T载体,经转化、筛选及酶切鉴定后,对阳性克隆进行了序列测定和序列分析.测序后拼接的基因长1 892 bp,包含完整的NS1开放阅读框(1 884 bp),编码623个氨基酸.与GenBank中其它毒株的NS1基因核苷酸序列相比,同源性分别为DY(EF515837)98.4%,与B(GPU25749)为99.2%,与HG5/82(AY506546)为93.9%,与YG(AF416726)为93.9%,与SHM319(GPU34761)为97.0%.     

豪猪肉常规成分的检测分析

为了探讨豪猪肉的营养价值,以便更好地对豪猪进行开发与利用,作者对豪猪肉进行了常规养分的检测分析,并与其它常用食用动物肉进行比较,结果表明,豪猪肉是一种高蛋白、高谷氨酸、低脂肪、低胆固醇且口感良好的肉食品。其常规养分的含量符合现代人既营养又保健的科学膳食理念。